铝合金框类构件UFP-TIG电弧熔丝工艺参数选择及优化

Process Parameter Selection and Optimization for UFP-TIG Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing of Aluminum Alloy Frame Components

  • 摘要: 为满足航空航天领域铝合金框类构件成型过程中对工艺参数实时协同调控的需求,围绕构件超音频脉冲TIG(Ultra-Frequency Pulsed TIG, UFP-TIG)电弧熔丝工艺开展研究。探究了不同工艺参数下构件层间温度的变化规律,确定了80±5℃的最优层间温度控制区间。分别在5、6、7m/min三个送丝速度条件下,确定了可实现熔滴连续稳定液桥过渡,且单层沉积高度在2~3mm范围内的电流和焊炬运动速度范围。采用回归组合方法设计了工艺试验,建立了工艺参数与构件尺寸的数学模型。开展了不同丝材送进方向和变壁厚试样成形工艺试验,结果表明,不同丝材送进方向工艺成型构件最大相对高度差小于6.6%,变壁厚试样厚壁与薄壁部分的高度仅相差2.20%,验证了模型的适用性和可行性。本文提出的工艺方法为铝合金UFP-TIG电弧熔丝工艺参数的选择和优化提供了技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: To meet the demand for real-time collaborative regulation of process parameters during the forming of aluminum alloy frame components in the aerospace field, systematic research was conducted on the ultra-frequency pulsed TIG (UFP-TIG) wire-arc additive manufacturing process. The variation law of component interlayer temperature under different process parameters was investigated, and the optimal interlayer temperature control range of 80±5 ℃ was determined. At wire feeding speeds of 5, 6 and 7m/min respectively, the matching ranges of welding current and welding torch travel speed were obtained, which enable continuous and stable liquid bridge transfer of molten droplets with the single-layer deposition height controlled within 2~3 mm. Process experiments were designed using the regression combinatorial design method, and a mathematical model correlating process parameters with component dimensions was established. Verification tests were carried out under different wire feeding directions and on variable-wall-thickness specimens. The results show that the maximum relative height difference of formed components under different wire feeding directions is less than 6.6%, and the height difference between the thick-wall and thin-wall sections of the variable-wall-thickness specimen is only 2.20%, which verifies the applicability and feasibility of the established model. The proposed process method provides technical support for the selection and optimization of process parameters for aluminum alloy UFP-TIG wire-arc additive manufacturing.

     

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