粉末床熔融成形18Ni300合金的性能一致性研究

Mechanical properties of 18Ni300 alloy fabricated by dual-laser powder bed fusion

  • 摘要: 马氏体时效钢强度高、韧性高,在航天航空、石油化工、海洋装备等领域应用广泛。文章以18Ni300合金为研究对象,探讨了双光束下粉末床熔融成形18Ni300合金的成形一致性、致密性及力学性能。结果表明,不同单光束区成形的试样致密度变化趋势基本一致,采用响应曲面法对各工艺参数进行了分析,获得了致密度与激光功率、扫描速度和扫描间距的关系模型,确定了优选参数。优选参数下,整个幅面成形的18Ni300试样力学性能优良,且差异率低。单光束区试样抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为1186~1180MPa、1024~1034MPa和13%,双光束区试样抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为1166MPa、1015MPa和12%。单、双光束区试样的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率差异率分别为1.1%、0.9%和5.2%,表现出很好的一致性。打印过程中断再续接会使18Ni300试样拉伸性能轻微降低,在中断处会产生台阶痕迹。

     

    Abstract: Martensitic aging steel has high strength and high toughness, and is widely used in aerospace, petrochemical, Marine equipment and other fields. This article takes the 18Ni300 alloy as the research object and explores the forming consistency, densification and mechanical properties of 18Ni300 alloy fabricated by powder bed fusion under dual-laser. The results show that the variation trend of the density of the samples fabricated in different single-laser areas is basically the same. The response surface method was used to analyze the process parameters, and the relationship model between the density and the laser power, scanning speed and hatch distance was obtained, and the preferred parameters were determined. Under the preferred parameters, the mechanical properties of the 18Ni300 samples fabricated in the whole area are excellent and the difference rate is low. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the samples in the single-laser area are 1186~1180 MPa, 1024~1034 MPa and 13%, respectively, and those of the samples in the dual-laser area are 1166 MPa, 1015 MPa and 12%, respectively. The difference rates of tensile strength, yield strength and elongation in the single-laser and dual-laser areas are 1.1%, 0.9% and 5.2%, respectively, showing good consistency. If the printing process was interrupted and continued, the tensile properties of 18Ni300 sample will be slightly reduced, and the step will be produced at the interruption.

     

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