激光定向能量沉积纯镍的成形性与组织性能

Formability, microstructure and properties of pure nickel fabricated via laser directed energy deposition

  • 摘要: 纯镍因其优异的耐蚀性、抗氧化性、高导热性和高温稳定性,广泛应用于航空航天、军事和航海等领域。采用激光定向能量沉积(LDED)技术,在不同激光功率下利用纯镍金属粉末制备块体试样,并对其成形性和组织性能进行了表征。结果显示:在试验条件下,纯镍的LDED成形性良好,600~1200W激光功率范围内,相对密度均超过99.9%;当800W激光功率时,相对密度达到最高,为最佳工艺参数。此时,试样呈现典型的粗大柱状晶组织,平均抗拉强度为(371.59±49.86)MPa,平均断后伸长率为32.64%±3.16%。热膨胀系数随温度升高而增加,100℃和500℃时的热膨胀系数分别为(10.75±0.77)10-6/K和(17.13±0.76)10-6/K。本研究成果为激光增材制造高质量纯镍零件提供了重要的工艺参考。

     

    Abstract: Pure nickel exhibits excellent corrosion and oxidation resistance, high thermal conductivity, and hightemperature stability, making it widely used in industries such as aerospace, military, and marine. This study employs Laser Directed Energy Deposition(LDED) technology to prepare bulk samples of pure nickel powder under different laser power settings, and characterizes their formability and microstructural properties. The results show that, under the experimental conditions, the formability of pure nickel via LDED is good, with relative densities exceeding 99.9% in the laser power range of 600W to 1200W. At a laser power of 800W, the relative density reaches its maximum, indicating the optimal processing parameters. At this point, the samples exhibit a typical coarse columnar grain structure, with an average tensile strength of (371.59±49.86) MPa and an average elongation at break of 32.64%±3.16%. The coefficient of thermal expansion increases with temperature, measuring (10.75±0.77)10-6/K at 100℃ and (17.13±0.76)10-6/K at 500℃. The findings of this study provide important process references for the high-quality additive manufacturing of pure nickel components.

     

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