Abstract: Optical microscopes and mechanical property tests were used to study the effects of different heating temperatures and holding times on the normalized microstructure and mechanical properties of EA1N axle steel,and a black box（heat-resistant temperature recorder） was used to test the temperature changes of the axle during the production process to carry out the process production test verification after optimization. The results show that after normalizing, the microstructure of the forged EA1N axle is refined, the ferrite content is reduced, the strength is slightly reduced, and the plasticity is significantly improved; normalizing is performed when the holding time is 60 minutes and the temperature is between 830℃ and 890℃, has little effect on the structure and performance of the EA1N axle, the grain size is 8～9, and the yield strength and tensile strength range are both less than 5MPa; when normalizing is selected at 860℃ and the holding time is between 0～120min, It has little impact on the structure and performance of the axle, which is composed of fine pearlite and ferrite, and the strength difference is less than 8MPa;after the EA1N axle heat treatment production test shortened the normalizing and holding time or even zero holding,all performance indicators met EN 13261:2020 skills requirement.