Abstract: To address the problems of discontinuous process linkage, insufficient task authenticity, and inadequate operational standardization in welding practical courses, a CDIO-based full-process project-oriented practical training scheme was developed. Taking a representative thin-sheet component manufacturing task as the carrier, teaching was organized following the “Conceive–Design–Implement–Operate” sequence, spanning design, CNC punching/cutting, bending, clamping, TIG welding, and inspection, and supported by a dedicated training platform and an evaluation framework covering both process and outcome indicators. In addition, workstation standardization and visual checklists were introduced to strengthen safety and on-site management. The scheme was implemented in multiple rounds with more than 700 students; questionnaire results showed that 96.7% of students believed the course enhanced their systematic understanding of process linkage and workflow logic throughout welding, and recognized the contribution of full-process project-based training to improving practical competence.