Abstract: Laser additive manufacturing, as an advanced technology that can directly convert data models into components, has great potential for application in the manufacturing of superalloy parts. This paper starts with the basic principles and characteristics of laser additive manufacturing technology and introduces its current status and problems in the engineering applications of nickel-based superalloys. On this basis, the study systematically discusses the preparation and optimization strategies of superalloy powder materials for additive manufacturing, the microstructural characteristics of additive-manufactured samples, and the formation mechanisms and control methods of crack defects. In addition, focusing on the technical challenges currently faced by laser additive manufacturing in the field of superalloys, the paper provides an outlook on its future development directions, aiming to provide reference and guidance for further advancements in related fields.