Abstract: This article focuses on the study of carburizing and quenching of 9310 steel gears. Considering the critical position of gears in mechanical systems and the important impact of carburizing and quenching on their performance, the equivalent heat capacity method is used to deal with the latent heat of phase transformation. With the help of ABAQUS software, the temperature field, stress field, and strain field changes during the carburizing and quenching process of internal spline gears are simulated and analyzed, aiming to reveal the physical changes in the process and provide a basis for optimizing the process.