Abstract: Railway transportation is the lifeblood of China's industrialization process and transportation, now the rapid development of high-speed railway, its speed increases at the same time also put forward higher requirements for brake materials. To solve this problem, through the testing and analysis of the imported brake material samples, the specific composition and ratio of each element of the imported sample are obtained. Based on this formula, the process plan of the self-manufactured friction material is determined, and the self-manufactured sample is prepared by powder metallurgy hot pressing sintering method, so that its performance can be optimized to a certain extent. The results show that the mass fraction of Cu and Fe in the matrix is 50.4% and 22.6% respectively. The content of graphite (flake graphite and aggregate graphite) in the lubricating component is 15%, and the content of MoS2 is 2%. The proportion of Fe-Cr alloy in the friction component is 10%. After identifying the specific content of each component of the above imported samples, this study used domestic raw materials, proportioning according to the composition ratio of foreign samples (in which the lubrication phase was replaced by natural flake graphite), and successfully prepared the corresponding samples through a series of process steps such as mixing, pressing and sintering. Determine the process plan: the mixing process is mainly based on manual mixing, and glycerol is used as the binder; The billet is prepressed into 200MPa steel die and compacted into graphite die by 25MPa to be sintered. The hot press sintering process was used for sintering with the process flow of 10MPa temperature rising to 400℃ and 14MPa temperature rising to 600℃ for 15min. The basic properties of the self-prepared powder metallurgy brake material were compared with those of the imported sample. The density of the self-prepared sample was 5.29 g/cm3 better than that of the imported sample 4.5 g/cm3, and the bending strength of the self-prepared sample was 48.77 MPa higher than that of the imported sample 38 MPa. The compressive strength of 88.42MPa is slightly lower than that of the imported sample 95 MPa. Based on the above analysis, the self-prepared samples basically meet the basic performance index summary of imported samples, and realize the independent preparation of high-speed rail brake materials.