Abstract: In response to the complex mechanism of alloy elements on metal materials, this study takes AlCu-Ce alloy material as the experimental object, and explores the influence of alloy elements Mn and Fe on the microstructure and properties of alloy materials through metallographic observation, thermal analysis, and mechanical property testing. The research results show that in the microstructure after heat treatment, the higher the content of Mn element, the more uniform the distribution in Al-Cu-Ce alloy, while the higher the content of Fe element, the denser the needle like structure. After adding 0.6% Mn element content, compared with the alloy before heat treatment, the elongation, tensile strength, and yield strength of the alloy after heat treatment increased by 30.03%, 42.86%and 25%, respectively. After adding 0.4% Fe element, the tensile strength and yield strength of the heat-treated alloy increased by 4.33% and 9.83%, respectively. The above results indicate that the research method can accurately select scientifically appropriate optimization methods and alloy elements based on the actual application needs of alloy materials, and clearly explain the mechanism of alloy elements on alloy materials.