Abstract: In this paper, a two-side three-layer welding process test is carried out on the 5mm thick 2A14-T6 aluminum alloy ring confinement weld, the composition of the weld is analyzed by EDS, the weld is divided according to the composition results, and the fracture position of the weld is observed. At the same time, the finite element simulation is carried out for the weld, and the residual stress of the weld is tested. Compared with the traditional butt joint, the fracture position of the multi-layer multi-pass welding with high constraint stress is located at the weld fusion line under the double action of heat and force. The welding mechanical results show that the mechanical properties and elongation of the weld are reduced, but the weld fracture still presents the characteristics of plastic fracture.