基于数值模拟的轮毂锻造工艺优化设计

Optimization design of wheel hub forging process based on numerical simulation

  • 摘要: 基于数值模拟的金属加工在提高加工效率和成品质量方面具有重要作用。本文以41Cr4合金钢轮毂锻造工艺为研究对象,采用QForm仿真软件进行数值模拟,分析并优化锻造工艺。研究首先通过建立三维建模和锻造仿真模型,预测锻造过程中的金属流动、温度场分布和应力变化,为锻件的缺陷预测、晶粒控制和组织优化提供依据。针对41Cr4轮毂生产过程中常见的缺陷问题,如充型不良、折叠和缩松,本文通过模拟分析和工艺参数优化,有效避免这些缺陷,提升成品质量和材料利用率。此外,本文结合国际奥林匹克竞赛要求,提出多阶段的锻造工艺方案,优化模具设计、工序安排和温度控制,确保锻造过程的高效性和可操作性。仿真验证结果表明,优化后的工艺能够满足零件图纸要求和客户的加工余量,具有较高的实践意义和推广价值。同时,通过本文的研究,职业教育和普通高等教育可通过参与国际奥林匹克竞赛项目,提升人才培养的国际化视野,并发挥示范作用。

     

    Abstract: Metal processing based on numerical simulation plays an important role in improving processing efficiency and finished product quality. This paper takes the forging process of 41Cr4 alloy steel wheel hub as the research object, and uses QForm simulation software for numerical simulation to analyze and optimize the forging process. The study first establishes a three-dimensional modeling and forging simulation model to predict the metal flow, temperature field distribution, and stress changes during the forging process, providing a basis for defect prediction, grain control, and microstructure optimization of forgings. In response to common defects in the production process of 41Cr4 wheels, such as poor filling, folding, and shrinkage, this article effectively avoids these defects through simulation analysis and process parameter optimization, improving the quality of finished products and material utilization. In addition, this papar proposes a multi-stage forging process plan based on the requirements of international Olympic competitions, optimizing mold design, process arrangement, and temperature control to ensure the efficiency and operability of the forging process. The simulation and verification results show that the optimized process can meet the requirements of the part drawing and the customer's machining allowance, and has high practical significance and promotion value. Meanwhile, vocational education and general high education can enhance the international perspective of talent cultivation through this study and play a demonstrative role by participating in international Olympic competition projects.

     

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